Recommendations for “digital nomads” and other Americans interested in long-term overseas living and travel in Europe
Do I need a visa to visit Portugal? How long can I stay in Helsinki? Should I bring Euros with me to Switzerland? The table below will tell you. For each of your destination countries, be sure to click on the country’s name, which will take you to the State Department’s international travel page, which has the most detailed and up-to-date information.
European Travel Table
last updated 18 January 2019
| Country Name | EU? | Schengen? | Euro? | Visa? | Max Tourist Stay | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | no | no | no | no | 1 year w/o visa | |
| Andorra | no | yes (1) | yes (2) | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | No US embassy. US Consulate in Barcelona, Spain covers Andorra. |
| Armenia | no | no | no | no | 180 days w/o visa | |
| Austria | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Azerbaijan | no | no | no | yes | 30 days w/visa | (3) |
| Belarus | no | no | no | no (4) | 30 days w/o visa (4) | |
| Belgium | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Bosnia-Herzegovina | no | no | no | no | 3 months w/o visa | (3) |
| Bulgaria | yes | no | no | no | 90 days in a 6- month period w/o visa | |
| Croatia | yes | no | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | (3) |
| Cyprus | yes | no | yes | no | 90 days w/o visa | |
| Czech Republic (Czechia) | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Denmark | yes | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Estonia | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Finland | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| France | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Georgia | no | no | no | no | 365 days w/o visa | |
| Germany | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Greece | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Hungary | yes | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Iceland | no | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Ireland | yes | no | yes | no | 90 days w/o visa | |
| Italy | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Kosovo | no | no | yes (2) | no | 90 days in a 6- month period w/o visa | |
| Latvia | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Liechtenstein (5) | no | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | No US embassy. US Embassy in Bern, Switzerland covers Liechtenstein. |
| Lithuania | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Luxembourg | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Macedonia | no | no | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | (3) |
| Malta | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Moldova | no | no | no | no | 90 days in a 6- month period w/o visa | |
| Monaco (5) | no | yes (1) | yes (2) | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | No US embassy. US Embassy in Paris, France covers Monaco. |
| Montenegro | no | no | yes (2) | no | 90 days w/o visa | (3) |
| Netherlands | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Norway | no | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Poland | yes | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Portugal | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Romania | yes | no | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Russia | no | no | no | yes (6) | varies | Russian tourist visas for Americans are either 3-year, multiple-entry or 30-day, single entry. |
| San Marino (5) | no | yes (1) | yes (2) | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | No US embassy. US Embassy in Rome, Italy covers San Marino. |
| Serbia | no | no | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | (3) |
| Slovakia | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | (3) |
| Slovenia | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Spain | yes | yes | yes | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Sweden | yes | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Switzerland | no | yes | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| Turkey | no | no | no | yes (6) | 90 days in a 180- day period w/visa | |
| Ukraine | no | no | no | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | |
| United Kingdom (UK; Great Britain) | yes | no | no | no | 90 days w/o visa | |
| Vatican City (Holy See) (5) | no | yes (1) | yes (2) | no | 90 days in a 180- day period w/o visa | No US embassy. US Embassy in Rome, Italy covers Vatican City. |
Notes
(1) The micro-countries of Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City are not parties to the Schengen agreement, but Schengen rules apply here. Time spent in these countries counts as part of the 90-days-out-of-180 limit for visa-free American tourist stays in the Schengen zone.
(2) The micro-countries of Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City are not officially part of the Eurozone, but they have agreements with the EU to use the Euro as their currency. Kosovo and Montenegro are not part of the Eurozone, but have unilaterally adopted the Euro as their currency without EU approval.
(3) American visitors to these countries have to register with the local police or immigration enforcement agency within a certain timeframe after they arrive. (In some of these countries, this requirement is waived for very short stays. In some cases, this is a requirement for hotel guests but not for tourists staying in private homes, or vice versa.) Usually your hotel or Airbnb host will take care of this for you. Some hosts will ask you to hand over your passport to them for 24 hours while they get this done. But in my experience, it’s more common for them to photocopy your passport’s photo page, or to ask to take a photo of it, or to ask you to send them a digital copy of it. For details specific to the country you’re traveling to, click the country name in the table above.
(4) Americans can enter Belarus and stay for up to 30 days without a visa only if they both enter and leave the country via Minsk International Airport. Visitors traveling to Belarus overland will not be admitted without a visa. Click the “Belarus” link in the table above for details.
(5) The State Department’s Bureau of Consular Affairs does not have individual pages for these micro-countries. For travel-related information for Liechtenstein, see Switzerland. For Monaco, see France. For San Marino and Vatican City, see Italy.
(6) Cruise ship passengers can generally stay in these countries for up to 72 hours without a visa. Check with your tour operator or travel agency.